Differences Between Automatic and Manual Gearboxes

Let’s look at the substantial differences between automatic and manual gearboxes. The latter relies on gear coupling and a friction system, while the automatic uses a planetary system and a torque converter.

The internal combustion engine requires a transmission between the engine and the wheels. In a manual gearbox, this occurs by coupling gears in three sections: input, intermediate shaft, and output.

The outgoing gears have a synchronised tooth arrangement, and a sleeve slides over them connecting the gears and the central shaft. The clutch pushes a synchroniser ring between the hub and the gear to ensure smooth engagement, although this reduces speed during gear changes.

Now, the automatic transmission is designed to eliminate the problem of power interruption during gear changes. In the planetary arrangement of the automatic gearbox, there are two inputs and one output; varying one of these two input speeds will yield a different output speed.

For this, an additional planetary set is needed, forming a single unit. Two clutch packs are engaged to stop the motion of the gears.

The two clutches work alternately, ensuring there is never a loss of power or speed. When it comes to demanding use, the automatic gearbox is more durable because it is simpler.

To manage braking in the automatic gearbox, we have the torque converter, lacking the clutch that disconnects the engine.